It is well known that the composition operator on Hardy or Bergman space has a closed range if and only if its Nevanlinna counting function induces a reverse Carleson measure. Similar conclusion is not available on the Dirichlet space. Specifically, the reverse Carleson measure is not enough to ensure that the range of the corresponding composition operator is closed. However, under certain assumptions, we set the necessary and sufficient condition for a composition operator on the Dirichlet space to have closed range.
